Pituitary adenoma
Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common pituitary tumor that arises from the adenohypophysis, in the pituitary gland.
Epidemiology
Pituitary adenoma epidemiology.
Classification
see Pituitary adenoma classification.
Risk factors
Pituitary tumors have very few known risk factors, and these are related to genetics. There are no known environmental or lifestyle-related risk factors for pituitary tumors. Though science has suggested that people who are overweight or obese might be at increased risk.
Youn et al. discovered that a 3’untranslated region (3’UTR) variant, rs181031884 of CDKN2B (Asian-specific variant), had significant association with the risk of pituitary adenoma (PA) (Odds ratio = 0.58, P = 0.00003). Also, rs181031884 appeared as an independent causal variant among the significant variants in CDKN2A and CDKN2B, and showed dose-dependent effects on PA.
Although further studies are needed to verify the impact of this variant on pituitary adenoma susceptibility, the results may help to understand CDKN2B polymorphism and the risk of pituitary adenoma 1).
Genetic syndromes
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4
Pathogenesis
Pituitary adenoma pathogenesis
Natural History
see Pituitary adenoma Natural History.
Clinical features
see Pituitary adenoma clinical features.
Diagnosis
Treatment
see Pituitary adenoma treatment.
Outcome
Recurrence
see Pituitary adenoma recurrence.
Case series
see Pituitary adenoma case series.