Brain metastases treatment guidelines

Brain metastases treatment guidelines

Please see the full-text version of this guideline https://www.cns.org/guidelines/browse-guidelines-detail/guidelines-treatment-of-adults-with-metastatic-bra-2 for the target population of each recommendation listed below.

SURGERY FOR METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS AT NEW DIAGNOSIS QUESTION: Should patients with newly diagnosed metastatic brain tumors undergo Brain metastases surgeryStereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases (SRS), or whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT)?

RECOMMENDATIONS:

Level of Evidence 1: Surgery + WBRT is recommended as first-line treatment in patients with single brain metastases with favorable performance status and limited extracranial disease to extend overall survivalmedian survival, and local control.

Level of Evidence 3: Surgery plus SRS is recommended to provide survival benefit in patients with metastatic brain tumors

Level of Evidence 3: Multimodal treatments including either surgery + WBRT + SRS boost or surgery + WBRT are recommended as alternatives to WBRT + SRS in terms of providing overall survival and local control benefits.

SURGERY AND RADIATION FOR METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS QUESTION: Should patients with newly diagnosed metastatic brain tumors undergo surgical resection followed by WBRT, SRS, or another combination of these modalities?

RECOMMENDATIONS:

Level 1: Surgery + WBRT is recommended as superior treatment to WBRT alone in patients with single brain metastases.

Level 3: Surgery + SRS is recommended as an alternative to treatment with SRS alone to benefit overall survival.

Level 3: It is recommended that SRS alone be considered equivalent to surgery + WBRT.

SURGERY FOR RECURRENT METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS QUESTION: Should patients with recurrent metastatic brain tumors undergo surgical resection?

RECOMMENDATIONS:

Level 3: Craniotomy is recommended as a treatment for intracranial recurrence after initial surgery or SRS.   SURGICAL TECHNIQUE AND RECURRENCE QUESTION A: Does the surgical technique (en bloc resection or piecemeal resection) affect recurrence?

RECOMMENDATION:

Level 3: En bloc resection of the tumor, as opposed to piecemeal resection, is recommended to decrease the risk of postoperative leptomeningeal disease when resecting single brain metastases.

QUESTION B:

Does the extent of surgical resection (gross total resection or subtotal resection) affect recurrence?

RECOMMENDATION:

Level 3: Gross total resection is recommended over subtotal resection in Recursive partitioning analysis class 1 class I patients to improve overall survival and prolong time to recurrence1)


1)

Nahed BV, Alvarez-Breckenridge C, Brastianos PK, Shih H, Sloan A, Ammirati M, Kuo JS, Ryken TC, Kalkanis SN, Olson JJ. Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on the Role of Surgery in the Management of Adults With Metastatic Brain Tumors. Neurosurgery. 2019 Mar 1;84(3):E152-E155. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyy542. PubMed PMID: 30629227.

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